1. D

An L.A. political candidate who buys saturation radio advertising will get maximum name recognition. In other words, such advertising is sufficient for maximum name recognition. If so, then it must be true that, as (D) says, a candidate can get such recognition without spending on other forms of media.

2. C

If we can show that something besides the court system may explain the increase in crime we would weaken the argument. The author assumes that there is no other cause. Tackle the choices, looking for another cause besides the allegedly lenient court sentences.

(A) does not compare one state to another. The argument's scope is the crime rate increase in this particular state only. In (B), the fact that white collar crime is also on the rise is more of a strengthener than a weakener. (C) presents an alternative explanation for the increase in crime (reduction in police). As for (D), what if 65 percent of people in the state oppose capital punishment? This provide little insight into why crime has gone up since last year. (E) tells us that numerous judges have been replaced in the last year. It is possible that the new judges are more lenient, but this would only strenghten the author's argument.

3. E

Evidence: more newspaper articles exposed as fabrications. Conclusion: Publishers want to increase circulation, not print the truth. This conclusion makes sense only if we assume (E), that the publishers are the ones who decide what to print. If (E) weren't true and this decision were up to someone other than the publisher, the argument would fall apart.

4. C

The evidence says that students who attend colleges with low faculty/student ratios get well-rounded educations, but the conclusion is that the author will send his kids to colleges with small student populations. Since colleges can have the second without necessarily having the first, (C) is correct.

5. E

The question stem asks you to pick the choice from which the statement can be derived, and that's (E). If, as (E) says, anyone who is German is an idealist except for the philosopher Marx, then all Germans except for Marx are idealists. That being the case, it would certainly be true that, as the stimulus says, with the exception of Marx, all German philosophers—being a subset of all Germans—are idealists. While this may sound absurd, we're concerned with strict logic here, not content.